Phred quality score

The Phred quality score is a measure of the accuracy of a base call in DNA sequencing. It quantifies the confidence that a specific base in a DNA sequence is correct, allowing researchers to assess the quality of the sequencing data. The Phred score is calculated using the formula: \[ Q = -10 \times \log_{10}(P) \] where \( Q \) is the Phred score and \( P \) is the probability that the base call is incorrect.