List of fallacies

A list of fallacies includes various errors in reasoning that can undermine the logic of an argument. Here are some common types: ### Formal Fallacies These occur in the structure of the argument. 1. **Affirming the Consequent**: If P, then Q. Q is true, therefore P must be true. 2. **Denying the Antecedent**: If P, then Q. P is false, therefore Q must be false.