Induction, bounding and least number principles

Induction, bounding, and the least number principles are fundamental concepts in mathematics, particularly in the realm of number theory and set theory. Here’s a brief overview of each: ### Mathematical Induction Mathematical induction is a method of proof used to establish that a statement is true for all natural numbers. The process consists of two main steps: 1. **Base Case**: Prove that the statement holds for the first natural number (usually 1).