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In theoretical physics, particularly in the context of quantum field theory and statistical mechanics, the concept of "effective action" refers to a functional that encapsulates the dynamics of a system after integrating out (or averaging over) certain degrees of freedom. The effective action is especially useful in situations where one is interested in the long-range or low-energy behavior of a system while neglecting the details of high-energy or short-range components.

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  1. Quantum field theory
  2. Mathematical physics
  3. Applied mathematics
  4. Fields of mathematics
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