Cryptography

Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for securing communication and information by transforming it into a format that is unreadable to unauthorized users. It involves creating systems and methods to protect the confidentiality, integrity, authenticity, and non-repudiation of data. Here are some key aspects of cryptography: 1. **Confidentiality**: Ensures that information is only accessible to those authorized to view it. This is commonly achieved through encryption, which converts plaintext into ciphertext.