Wave overtopping

Wave overtopping is a process that occurs when waves break over the crest of a coastal structure, such as a seawall, dike, or breakwater. This phenomenon can result in water spilling over the top of the structure and onto the land or waterfront area behind it. Wave overtopping is significant in coastal engineering because it can lead to flooding, erosion, and damage to infrastructure, as well as impact the safety of people and property in coastal areas.