Photovoltaic effect

The photovoltaic effect is the creation of electric voltage or electric current in a material upon exposure to light. This phenomenon is the foundational principle behind photovoltaic cells, commonly known as solar cells, which are used to convert sunlight into electricity. Here's a more detailed explanation: 1. **Material Properties**: The photovoltaic effect occurs in certain materials, typically semiconductors, such as silicon. These materials have a band gap that allows them to absorb photons (light particles) with sufficient energy.