High-speed rail (HSR) refers to rail services that operate significantly faster than traditional rail traffic, typically at speeds exceeding 250 km/h (about 155 mph) on dedicated tracks, and sometimes as low as 200 km/h (about 124 mph) on existing tracks. High-speed rail systems are designed to provide efficient and rapid transportation over medium to long distances, often serving as a competitive alternative to air travel for regional and intercity routes.
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