Early effect

The Early effect, also known as base-width modulation or the punch-through effect, is a phenomenon observed in bipolar junction transistors (BJTs). It describes how the width of the base region of a BJT changes as the collector voltage varies, particularly when the collector-base junction is reverse-biased. ### Key Points about the Early Effect: 1. **Operation of BJTs**: In BJTs, the base region is sandwiched between the emitter and collector regions.