Depolarization

Depolarization is a term primarily used in the context of cell biology and neuroscience. It refers to a change in the membrane potential of a cell, making it less negative (or more positive) compared to its resting state. This change in voltage is crucial for various physiological processes, particularly in neurons and muscle cells. In neurons, depolarization typically occurs when a stimulus causes sodium channels in the cell membrane to open, allowing sodium ions (Na⁺) to flow into the cell.