Bioturbation

Bioturbation refers to the process by which organisms rework and disturb sediment or soil through their activities. This phenomenon is commonly observed in various environments, particularly in marine and terrestrial ecosystems. In marine environments, organisms such as burrowing worms, crustaceans, and mollusks disturb the seafloor, altering sediment structure and composition. In terrestrial ecosystems, earthworms, insects, and other organisms mix and aerate soil, which can enhance nutrient cycling and influence plant growth.